LEARNING OBJECTS: Multiple
digital options to meet various instructional objectives.
digital options to meet various instructional objectives.
According to IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.), a Learning Object is: "Any digital or other entity that can be used, re-used or referred to learning supported by technology. " Simply put, a learning object is a set of resources, tools and even computer programs that have been articulated in a structure with a specific intent to teach something. The particularity with the elements of this structure is that it can be disaggregated and placed in new combinations to form different units and deal with them new learning needs.
According to Mason, Pegler and Weller (2003) a LO is "a digital piece of learning material that addresses a a clearly identifiable topic or learning output and has the potential to be reused in different contexts. "
The following diagram illustrates what we have just stated:
Suppose you as a teacher has created and used a simulator to teach students the Molecular Theory (OA2) and on the other side has a video that refers to the behavior of the molecules of air (OA3), but its claim now is to get their students to learn about global warming phenomenon, then find a resource (for example, a presentation in Power Point) (OA1), which articulates with the other two and gets a new "discourse", other, broader, and designed to meet a new need for learning, ie, a new learning object (OA4).
In the field of teaching, the idea is that we, the teachers, we can create reusable educational components, so that learning objects would be small digital modules, articulated in different ways, can be reused different learning contexts.
PECULIARITIES OF LEARNING OBJECTS
The OA are not resources isolated, have internal structure and attributes specific to them to interact with others in varied learning environments - learning are easy to locate, store, share and use.
For text files, pictures, videos, photos, animations and other digital resources can be considered learning objects should be:
· Reusable. Ie must be modular, having a strong and consistent internal structure, so that they can be used, together with others to serve as a base or other source component. They must also have a technology and necessary components to be included in various applications.
· Approaches. What it means to be allowed to be organized, cataloged and indexed so they can be located and retrieved more efficiently, using metadata standards schemes.
• Interoperability. Can be operated from different platforms of hardware and software.
· Portable. May move and lodge in different platforms in a transparent manner, without any change in structure or content.
· Durable. Must remain intact to updated software and hardware.
To achieve the reuse of OA, it is required to have a design, development and documentation to ensure a high level of product quality in itself and it can easily interact with others.
Given the modularity of OA and its independence from other resources, their use in different applications is one of its advantages, avoiding duplication of efforts for the development of content. The reuse of a content increases its value and produces savings in different ways, institutional or individual level. The huge potential of reusing the OA is able to use the content they have developed others to form new resources.
When we talk about metadata we mean the set of data to be attached to each OA indicating the source from which the information was preliminary, subject or content which relates the potential profits that can be given, its location and the software on which is mounted, in short, metadata is data that "speaks" of the data contained in the OA.
BENEFITS OF LEARNING OBJECTS
The first and most notable advantage of OA is their reusability. If it exists, for example, an excellent video in which an experiment is recorded chemistry, another teacher who faces the same subject or another may use it without additional re-incur the costs and efforts to re-do the same video.
"For reuse and to achieve other attributes described, it is necessary that the learning object has the metadata that enable them to be identified, organized and retrieved, among other aspects such as categorization and pedagogical qualification object, but more important is that these are based on a metadata standard to ensure compatibility and interoperability with the system that can reuse them (Lopez, Garcia & Pernías, 2005), whether these learning platforms and repositories to share content. " [1]
Another
allocated to the OA advantage is the reduction in development costs the same, because as mentioned, it is not necessary to incur expenditure on new time and money to produce what has already been produced and tested with success in other learning contexts. And
Reusability also derived from the time the economy arises because if you do not need to re-produce what has already occurred, the time it takes to prepare a new OA is much less than that would start from scratch.
allocated to the OA advantage is the reduction in development costs the same, because as mentioned, it is not necessary to incur expenditure on new time and money to produce what has already been produced and tested with success in other learning contexts. And
Reusability also derived from the time the economy arises because if you do not need to re-produce what has already occurred, the time it takes to prepare a new OA is much less than that would start from scratch.
In addition, the flexibility or, in other words the ability of OA to link up with others in a new structure with different learning objectives can be referenced as a property and also an advantage of learning objects that Anatomic joins her that makes them compatible with different subjects in different learning processes. It is therefore essential that every modular form, ie, each OA specify which aims to develop skills in students.
BY WAY OF CONCLUSION
Anything can be the object of learning, provided that the teacher will give the meaning or learning objective. A photograph, a digital document, a picture can be a learning object. If after taking a picture and we will place a text alluding to what shows will be objects of information, which may represent processes, procedures or establish certain concepts. And what is formally called learning object is an object of information that is given a learning objective, if you have multiple learning objects, they can raise and train a unit of the syllabus and build units course.
Today, the Web 2.0 space is like a wealth of technological Construction of Learning Objects as it allows to incorporate different kinds of resources (Wikis, Blogs, Pod Cast, multimedia, etc.) that are online available to teachers anxious to believe in the benefits of OA to achieve learning more efficient.
The future is not yet clear, but there is great expectation that the OA revolutionize education systems. Therefore it is necessary to organize and locate OA repositories compatible standards endowed with different platforms and recognized unanimously by the users who put in a position to be exploited properly. A key requirement is to access them.
For access, organization and reuse, OA being discharged into containers called Learning Object Repositories, which allow applications, existing and future content removed and transported for modification and reuse. This will benefit teachers, students and designers, but also be an important support for the automatic exchange of content between systems, a context for learning or other contexts that may require them.
[1] http://www.biblioweb.dgsca.unam.mx/libros/repositorios/objetos_aprendizaje.htm # 34r
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